How To Write A Successful Business Plan For A Loan (2024)

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A business plan is a document that lays out a company’s strategy and, in some cases, how a business owner plans to use loan funds, investments and capital. It demonstrates that a business is already producing income and has a plan to continue doing so moving forward.

A successful business plan is well-written, realistic, concise and, most importantly, convinces financial institutions that approving your business for a loan is a smart choice.

Here’s what you need to know about each section of a business plan and how to write a plan that will earn a lender’s stamp of approval.

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What Does a Successful Business Plan Include?

A successful business plan outlines your entire business and effectively explains how it makes money and why it’s likely to succeed. This is especially important if you’re trying to get a small business loan.

The content of a business plan should vary from company to company, but there are a few common sections that will help lenders better understand your business and help you qualify for financing.

Executive Summary

An executive summary concisely summarizes your business plan—usually on one page. The goals of this section are to inform the reader about the business as a whole, summarize what is contained in the rest of the document and capture their interest. That said, the best use of this section may depend on the age of your business.

  • Startups. Startup owners typically use the executive summary to discuss the business opportunity, their target market and their planned strategy for building the business. The section also may touch on relevant market competition. Startup companies in particular should use the executive summary to build a lender’s confidence in the business.
  • Established businesses. Companies that have been in business for several years usually orient their executive summaries around past achievements and growth plans. In this case, the section may begin with the company’s mission statement and provide information about business operations and financials before outlining future goals.

Industry Analysis

The industry analysis section of a business plan defines the business’ industry and mentions current trends—with a focus on risks and opportunities. The section also informs the reader about how the industry works and where the business fits in the industry as a whole.

This section should start by defining the industry, as well as what products and services it provides, and what consumer demand it fulfills. Next, identify the most important influences in the industry. In the case of a bank, this may include applicable government regulations; for a clothing boutique, it may be consumer trends and budget.

The industry analysis should also define the company’s intended niche in the industry.

Market Analysis

The market analysis zooms into the specific market niche mentioned in the previous section. Market analysis aims to detail the segment of the broader market the business is intended to fit within. For example, a fashion brand or boutique may target high-income consumers.

Use this section to explain how the segment differs from the wider industry. In the fashion boutique example, a market analysis may reveal that high-income consumers in the fashion industry pay substantially more for brands that are considered exclusive.

Also, describe the size of your business’ niche and how it fits into the wider industry. This should include mention of how many existing businesses operate in this niche and how they target consumers.

Competitor Analysis

A competitor analysis explains what competitors in your niche do and informs the reader of the current market environment. Start with an overall assessment of your competitors. Then, discuss the most relevant competitors for your niche. When conducting a competitor analysis, ask yourself the following questions:

  • Where do your ideal customers currently shop?
  • How do these competitors differentiate themselves?
  • How are competitor products and services priced?
  • Why do customers choose those products or service providers?

Using the example above, many clothing boutiques compete by providing higher quality products or a unique, luxury shopping experience. If your store has a single location, your competitor might be another clothing store with a similar price-point or signature style.

Target Market Segmentation

In the target market segmentation, you’ll identify your business’ target market and describe how you will meet its needs. This section aims to instill confidence in the lender by providing a clear and objective strategy for building revenue.

Begin the section by informing how your products or services meet your shoppers’ needs. Next, explain how consumers can access your products or services—including a brief outline of your marketing strategy and how it is tailored to your target clients. Contrast this to your competitors’ strategy as defined in the previous section. After reading this portion of the business plan, the lender should know exactly how your business intends to compete.

Services or Products Offered

Use this section of the plan to explain what your business offers its ideal customers and to contrast your product and service offering to that of your competitors. Start by defining your product and service offering, including pricing. Also, inform the reader what equipment or materials you need to provide your products and services. For instance, a fashion apparel brand needs access to textile manufacturers.

Marketing Plan and Sales Strategy

Now that the lender understands what you offer, explain how you plan to market it in greater detail. This section outlines how you’ll attract and convince consumers to buy from you. The goal is to provide a flexible and realistic marketing and sales plan that convinces the reader you know how to attract consumers.

The sales strategy section of your business plan also should include the company’s revenue goals and explain how your marketing and sales department will achieve them. Provide in-depth details on the marketing and sales challenges you’ll face and how to overcome them. While this information is always relevant, it’s particularly important to lenders reviewing your loan application as they will want to know how you plan to make money.

Operations Plan

The operations plan details your company’s day-to-day operations. This detail-oriented section should comprehensively explain how your business will operate, beginning with a list of your company’s daily activities.

As a high-end clothing boutique, your daily operations may include:

  • A manager reconciling sales receipts and inventory numbers
  • Stylists researching future trends and sourcing new inventory
  • A marketing team building an online and social media presence

Note: This section is more about your business’s daily processes rather than its organizational structure—which is the next section.

Management Team

Use the management section of your business plan to tell the lender who does what in the company and how they’re compensated. Help the lender better understand the people behind the company by including biographical and background information on the company’s owners and key executives.

The best way to present this information is often with an organizational flowchart. You can also include other information about the company in this section, like your mission statement and values.

Financial Plan

Your financial plan tells a prospective lender two things: how much you plan to spend each year and how much you’ll earn in revenue. This section is the most important for most businesses, as it can make or break a lender’s confidence and willingness to extend credit.

Always include the following documents in the financial section of your business plan:

  • Cash flow statements
  • Income statements
  • Capital expenditure budgets
  • Balance sheets

Most lenders ask established businesses for at least three years of financial data, and some may ask for five. Preferably, include as much financial data as possible. If you’re a startup, include estimated costs and projected revenue, and supplement your data with industry averages or financial data from competitors.

Exit Strategy

Your business plan should always include an exit strategy in case things go wrong or you simply decide to close up shop. This may include everything from taking on new partners to selling your business or even declaring bankruptcy. Having an exit strategy is another way to show lenders that you have thought about the risks involved with your business and are prepared for them.

Appendix

The appendix of a business plan normally contains financial information and other documents the reader may need to gain a comprehensive understanding of the business. Established businesses typically include financial statements and projections, at a minimum. In contrast, a startup could include the research they conducted to make the business plan.

Also consider including relevant resumes, marketing materials, letters of recommendation or references. For ease, your appendix should have a table of contents directing lenders to the most important documents.

What Lenders Look for In a Business Plan

There are five things that lenders typically look at when making business lending decisions: character, capacity, capital, conditions and collateral. By understanding these key considerations, you can draft a business plan that speaks to a lender’s interests and concerns.

Character

A business’ character includes subjective, intangible qualities like whether its owners are perceived as honest, competent or determined. Stated another way, lenders want to know that you are honest and have integrity. These qualities can be critical for evaluating candidates because most lenders don’t want to lend to someone they don’t feel they can trust.

To evaluate the character of you and your business, lenders look at your personal credit history as well as your business’ financial history. Use your business plan to bolster your character by including ample financial records, letters of recommendation and other relevant documents.

Capacity

Lenders want to know that you have the ability to repay the loan. They evaluate this by looking at your business’ financial history to see how much revenue you have generated in the past and how much profit you have made.

Lenders might also judge your capacity based on your business’ financial projections as well as your personal credit history and household income. Where relevant, lenders look at your management team to see if they have the experience needed to grow your business or keep it on a path toward success.

Capital

When reviewing your loan application, lenders read your business plan to see how much money you need to borrow and how you will repay the loan. They also look at your financial statements to see how much cash you have on hand and how much debt you are carrying.

Likewise, lenders often prefer business owners who have made larger personal financial investments in their enterprises. A personal financial investment reveals your commitment to the business and demonstrates you have the resources to pay off a large loan.

Conditions

Ultimately, a lender’s biggest concern is whether your business can realistically succeed. So, they judge your company’s chances of success using your business plan as well as current market conditions. A good business plan can improve your lender’s confidence by convincing the lender that market conditions and your business strategy increase your odds of success.

Collateral

In some cases, lenders want to know that you have something of value that they can use to secure the loan. This can be property, equipment, inventory or even receivables. If you don’t have any collateral, lenders may still approve a loan if you have a good credit history and a solid business plan.

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How To Write A Successful Business Plan For A Loan (2024)

FAQs

What are 7 steps to a perfectly written business plan? ›

So, here's a seven steps in writing a perfect business plan.
  • Research, research, research. ...
  • Determine the purpose of your plan. ...
  • Create a company profile. ...
  • Document all aspects of your business. ...
  • Have a strategic marketing plan in place. ...
  • Make it adaptable based on your audience. ...
  • Explain why you care.
27 Aug 2016

How do I write a business proposal for a bank loan? ›

Tips to write an effective commercial loan proposal
  1. Use simple, plain language. Avoid technical terms and acronyms. ...
  2. Don't forget that your proposal's purpose is to show your company at its best. Sell yourself!
  3. Throughout the proposal, focus on showing why your venture will succeed. ...
  4. Image counts.

Can I write a business plan myself? ›

If you're a good writer you can probably write a business plan yourself, at least with some assistance. Software and samples are available to help prepare business plans. Additionally, the SBA is a terrific resource for guiding you through the process.

What is a business plan format? ›

A traditional business plan typically includes—an executive summary, an overview of your products and services, thorough market and industry research, a marketing and sales strategy, operational details, financial projections, and an appendix.

What are the 3 questions a business plan should answer? ›

Why will the business succeed? What do you want to start (or change)? How much money is required?

What is a very good business plan? ›

Good business plans should include an executive summary and sections on products and services, marketing strategy and analysis, financial planning, and a budget.

What is the most important part of your business plan? ›

The executive summary is arguably the most important section of the business plan. It must be concise, specific, and well-written. Many of the people who review your business plan will decide, based solely on the executive summary, whether to continue reading.

What is the biggest mistake you can make when preparing a business plan? ›

1. Typos and Bad Grammar. The first mistake to avoid in your business plan are typos and bad grammar. Consider the following statement/question a prominent venture capitalist once asked me: “If this entrepreneur can't even put together a well-written business plan, then how could they possibly run a successful venture? ...

What do banks look for in a business plan? ›

Bankers expect to see the three main statements — income, balance, and cash flow — projected monthly for the first year, and annually for a couple of years after that. Cash flow is the most important part of your plan. Realism in the financials.

What lenders look for in a business plan? ›

They'll consider household income, business revenue, cash flow, outstanding debt, unused credit lines, and the amount of money the owner has personally invested into the business. All these variables will help lenders calculate the ability for an owner to repay the loan.

Do you need a business plan to get a loan? ›

If you need funding to start, expand, or acquire a business, you'll need to know how to write a business plan for a loan. Yes, lenders will look at the standard factors required of all loan applicants, such as your credit history, credit score, and assets — But business loan lenders will also require a business plan.

What is the simplest business plan? ›

A Lean Plan simplifies the entire process and makes your business plan actually useful. Instead of developing a long document, a Lean Plan focuses on distilling your business strategy into a simple, concise set of statements. It helps you set goals and then track your progress toward those goals.

What are the 4 types of business plans? ›

Business plans can be divided roughly into four distinct types. There are very short plans, or miniplans, presentation plans or decks, working plans, and what-if plans. They each require very different amounts of labor and not always with proportionately different results.

What are the 5 elements of business plan? ›

Main Components of a Business Plan
  • Executive summary. This is your five-minute elevator pitch. ...
  • Business description and structure. This is where you explain why you're in business and what you're selling. ...
  • Market research and strategies. ...
  • Management and personnel. ...
  • Financial documents.

What are the 3 main purpose of a business plan? ›

The 3 most important purposes of a business plan are 1) to create an effective strategy for growth, 2) to determine your future financial needs, and 3) to attract investors (including angel investors and VC funding) and lenders.

How long does it take to write a business plan? ›

Next, we examined how long founders should devote to writing a plan. We found that the optimal time to spend on the plan was three months. This increased the chances of creating a viable venture by 12%. Spending any longer than this was futile, mostly because the information used to inform the plan loses its currency.

How do you write a business plan PDF? ›

INSTRUCTIONS: Briefly summarize what your company does. The executive summary should be very short and you can go into more detail later in the plan. INSTRUCTIONS: Describe your target customer or market segments. Again, keep things very brief in the executive summary and add more detail later in the plan.

Can you write a business plan in a day? ›

Yes, it is really possible to write a business plan in one day. In fact, I've seen many people not only pull plans together but get businesses completely off the ground in a weekend during the always fun and energizing Startup Weekend events.

How long should a business plan be for a small business? ›

From surveys of investor needs, Growthink business plan consultants have found that 15 to 25 pages of text is the ideal length in which to accomplish this.

Is writing a business plan hard? ›

In fact, it's possible to write your initial business plan in less than an hour. After all, you're always thinking about your business and the strategies you're going to use to grow, so getting those ideas down on paper shouldn't be hard—it can even be an enjoyable experience.

What are key business questions? ›

10 Crucial Business Questions for a Business Owner
  • What problem does your business solve?
  • How does your business generate income?
  • Which parts of your business are not profitable?
  • Is your cash flow positive each month?
  • What is your pricing strategy and why?
  • How effectively do employees generate revenue?
5 Jul 2022

What does a business plan answer? ›

In addition, a well written business plan will identify progress targets, consolidate operating and marketing policy, describe the organizational structure of the business and its human resources, summarize the necessary investment needs, and finally forecast how these elements combined will impact future Profit & Loss ...

What questions does a business case answer? ›

Some good basic "professional" questions to ask, which apply to most cases:
  • What is the product?
  • Who hired us?
  • How long will this engagement last?
  • Has the company faced this problem (or opportunity) before? If so, how did it react? What was the outcome?
  • What have other companies facing this situation done?
21 Sept 2015

What factors will make your plan successful? ›

Successful Strategic Planning: Five Factors
  • Remember the purpose of planning. Communications plans are intended to drive action in pursuit of outcomes. ...
  • Use facts and data. ...
  • Tie your plan to specific business objectives. ...
  • Set verifiable goals. ...
  • Build in accountability.
28 Sept 2020

What makes a perfect plan? ›

It should define objectives, 2.It should be simple, 3. It should be clear, 4. It should be comprehensive, 5. It should be flexible, 6.

What are the 3 parts of introduction in business plan? ›

Your introduction should consist of two or three pages outlining the business from a management perspective. It describes the business, its objectives, and why the venture is a good one to start.

What information should not be included in a business plan? ›

Your business plan should never-under any circ*mstances-list any risks or potential problems your new business could face. Information about insurance and rental or lease agreements should be included in the operations section of your business plan.

Who should prepare the business plan? ›

The person or persons responsible for implementing the plan should be heavily involved in its development. Some people hire consultants or have employees draft the plan. If you're going to be accountable for the decisions that will be based on the plan, then you need to be involved in its development.

How do I know if my business plan is good? ›

4 Signs Your Business Plan is a Success
  • No. 1 - You can predict strong revenue months. Your business plan should determine your strong revenue months, while also finding opportunities for repeat business from customers. ...
  • No. 2 - A regular SWOT. ...
  • No. 3 - Three month goal. ...
  • No. 4 - Insights are important.

How many words should a business plan be? ›

How long should a business plan be? I recommend entrepreneurs keep their business plan word count within a range — between four thousand and five thousand words. Now, four or five thousand words could be 10 pages, or it could be 25 pages, depending on formatting, the font size, or even how many big words are used.

Why do people fail to prepare a business plan? ›

1 – Lack of planning – Businesses fail because of the lack of short-term and long-term planning. Your plan should include where your business will be in the next few months to the next few years. Include measurable goals and results. The right plan will include specific to-do lists with dates and deadlines.

How is a business plan designed? ›

Business plans generally start with an executive summary and company overview, move through background research and market analysis, customers, and competition, describe the company's intended methods in the marketing plan and operation plan, show who's on the management team, and conclude with the financial plan and ...

Does a business plan include pictures? ›

Visuals are good: Whenever possible, and without overdoing it, use visuals in your business plan. Graphs, charts, and images can help bring your concept to life. Plus, it breaks up the text and helps a plan flow better.

How can a good business plan attract investors? ›

A business plan shows investors how well you know your market, product, strategy and exit plan. Unless your investors are strictly family and friends, a third party's main concern is how your product or service will achieve traction in the marketplace, profitability and what are the possible exit strategies.

Do banks read business plans? ›

The business plan is usually read in conjunction with the business loan application, and the lender uses the plan to help her judge whether your business represents a sound financial risk for the bank.

Why is a business plan important for loans? ›

A business plan is your best chance at conveying why the bank should lend you the money and support your business. It demonstrates to the bank that you have commercial acumen and essentially sells your ideas to us. The business plan should integrate with the budgets/forecasts that your accountant will prepare.

How banks analyze a company for loans? ›

The bank will analyze a company's debt-to-income ratio and the amount of its free cash flow. Lenders like these ratios to provide a cushion in case the business takes a downturn.

How do you convince the bank for a loan for a business? ›

8 Keys to Convincing a Bank to Fund Your New Venture
  1. Write a good business plan first. ...
  2. Clean up your credit rating before you apply. ...
  3. Pick a business domain that is squeaky clean. ...
  4. Show a significant personal investment. ...
  5. Demonstrate an ability to repay from revenues, not collateral.

What are 3 things lenders look at when deciding to lend you money? ›

Know what lenders look for
  • Credit history. Qualifying for the different types of credit hinges largely on your credit history — the track record you've established while managing credit and making payments over time. ...
  • Capacity. ...
  • Collateral (when applying for secured loans) ...
  • Capital. ...
  • Conditions.

How do I write a business proposal for a bank loan? ›

Tips to write an effective commercial loan proposal
  1. Use simple, plain language. Avoid technical terms and acronyms. ...
  2. Don't forget that your proposal's purpose is to show your company at its best. Sell yourself!
  3. Throughout the proposal, focus on showing why your venture will succeed. ...
  4. Image counts.

What do I need for a small business loan? ›

The financial and legal documents you may need for a small-business loan include:
  1. Personal and business income tax returns.
  2. Balance sheet and income statement.
  3. Personal and business bank statements.
  4. A photo of your driver's license.
  5. Commercial leases.
  6. Business licenses.
  7. Articles of incorporation.
30 Jun 2022

How do I write a one page plan for my business? ›

How do I write a one page business plan? Describe the problem your product will solve or opening you fill, what the industry is like, your target market, key facts about your business, your launch plan, how you'll market your product, the financial model, and how much funding you need.

What is the most important part of a business plan? ›

The executive summary is arguably the most important section of the business plan. It must be concise, specific, and well-written. Many of the people who review your business plan will decide, based solely on the executive summary, whether to continue reading.

What is a business plan format? ›

A traditional business plan typically includes—an executive summary, an overview of your products and services, thorough market and industry research, a marketing and sales strategy, operational details, financial projections, and an appendix.

What are the 5 key factors for success when preparing a business plan? ›

As a reminder, the 5 Key Success Factors are:
  • Strategic Focus (Leadership, Management, Planning)
  • People (Personnel, Staff, Learning, Development)
  • Operations (Processes, Work)
  • Marketing (Customer Relations, Sales, Responsiveness)
  • Finances (Assets, Facilities, Equipment)
1 Apr 2015

What is the most important part of financial plan? ›

The most important initial element in financial planning is Budgeting. Setting a budget is relatively easy; it is more difficult to stick to it! However, having the discipline to take the time and care to record and reconcile your expenditure in some way is what counts.

Can I write a business plan myself? ›

If you're a good writer you can probably write a business plan yourself, at least with some assistance. Software and samples are available to help prepare business plans. Additionally, the SBA is a terrific resource for guiding you through the process.

What's the biggest mistake you can make when preparing a business plan? ›

1. Typos and Bad Grammar. The first mistake to avoid in your business plan are typos and bad grammar. Consider the following statement/question a prominent venture capitalist once asked me: “If this entrepreneur can't even put together a well-written business plan, then how could they possibly run a successful venture? ...

Are business plans written in first person? ›

Traditionally any formal document, including a business plan is written in third person. The reasons are as follows: Third person appears to distance the author from the context. This gives the impression of objectivity, which can be more convincing to the audience.

How long should it take to write a business plan? ›

Next, we examined how long founders should devote to writing a plan. We found that the optimal time to spend on the plan was three months. This increased the chances of creating a viable venture by 12%. Spending any longer than this was futile, mostly because the information used to inform the plan loses its currency.

What are the 4 types of business plan? ›

Business plans can be divided roughly into four distinct types. There are very short plans, or miniplans, presentation plans or decks, working plans, and what-if plans. They each require very different amounts of labor and not always with proportionately different results.

What are the 4 types of business plans? ›

Business plans can be divided roughly into four distinct types. There are very short plans, or miniplans, presentation plans or decks, working plans, and what-if plans. They each require very different amounts of labor and not always with proportionately different results.

What are the 5 elements of business plan? ›

Main Components of a Business Plan
  • Executive summary. This is your five-minute elevator pitch. ...
  • Business description and structure. This is where you explain why you're in business and what you're selling. ...
  • Market research and strategies. ...
  • Management and personnel. ...
  • Financial documents.

What are the 3 main purposes of a business plan? ›

The 3 most important purposes of a business plan are 1) to create an effective strategy for growth, 2) to determine your future financial needs, and 3) to attract investors (including angel investors and VC funding) and lenders.

What makes an excellent business plan? ›

Good plans are usually highly detailed and include information on all aspects of the business, including the industry, marketing, finance, personnel and various operating procedures. They are specific, communicate to all company employees and require commitment from everyone.

What is the most important part of a business plan? ›

The executive summary is arguably the most important section of the business plan. It must be concise, specific, and well-written. Many of the people who review your business plan will decide, based solely on the executive summary, whether to continue reading.

Why do business plans fail? ›

The biggest reason that they fail is that the action elements are not applied, monitored regularly or refined when required. This results in lack of focus and direction. It also results in lack of energy…if actions aren't being completed then nothing can be achieved.”

How long should a business plan be? ›

The more standard start-up and expansion plans developed for showing outsiders normally run 20-40 pages of text – easy to read, well-spaced text, formatted in bullets, illustrated by business charts and short financial tables – plus financial details in appendices.

What are the 5 key factors for success when preparing a business plan? ›

As a reminder, the 5 Key Success Factors are:
  • Strategic Focus (Leadership, Management, Planning)
  • People (Personnel, Staff, Learning, Development)
  • Operations (Processes, Work)
  • Marketing (Customer Relations, Sales, Responsiveness)
  • Finances (Assets, Facilities, Equipment)
1 Apr 2015

What should be included in the introduction of a business plan? ›

The business plan introduction contains a general overview of the business plan, including a brief company description, goals and objectives and the purpose of starting the company. Additionally, business plans usually answer the following questions: What does the business do? Why start this business now?

What is the most important part of financial plan? ›

The most important initial element in financial planning is Budgeting. Setting a budget is relatively easy; it is more difficult to stick to it! However, having the discipline to take the time and care to record and reconcile your expenditure in some way is what counts.

What information should not be included in a business plan? ›

Your business plan should never-under any circ*mstances-list any risks or potential problems your new business could face. Information about insurance and rental or lease agreements should be included in the operations section of your business plan.

Who should prepare a business plan? ›

The person or persons responsible for implementing the plan should be heavily involved in its development. Some people hire consultants or have employees draft the plan. If you're going to be accountable for the decisions that will be based on the plan, then you need to be involved in its development.

How do you write a business plan PDF? ›

INSTRUCTIONS: Briefly summarize what your company does. The executive summary should be very short and you can go into more detail later in the plan. INSTRUCTIONS: Describe your target customer or market segments. Again, keep things very brief in the executive summary and add more detail later in the plan.

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